大尺度海洋大气动力学三维黏性原始方程对边界参数的连续依赖性

利用方程解的先验界及微分不等式技巧, 证明大尺度海洋大气动力学三维黏性原始方程的解连续依赖于边界参数.     

本科教学中逻辑性课程《纳米材料》的主线设计探索

《纳米材料》课程主要讲解纳米材料的结构与性能之间关系的概念与理论,这种定位决定了纳米材料课应采用逻辑教学法.在这种方法下需找到课程逻辑起点,然后沿着起点设计出一条课程主线,建立课程理论体系,从而合理承接培养方案中的课程群.在《纳米材料》中,纳米结构就是逻辑起点,主线就是"结构与性能"的关系.故该门课程应按"结构和性能"这条主线展开.对现行纳米材料课程内容进行分析,大部分内容均可用主线串联起来.该方法为类似的逻辑性课程教学方法改革以及在课程章节内容之间建立逻辑关联提供借鉴.     

The material theory of induction and the epistemology of thought experiments

John D. Norton is responsible for a number of influential views in contemporary philosophy of science. This paper will discuss two of them. The material theory of induction claims that inductive arguments are ultimately justified by their material features, not their formal features. Thus, while a deductive argument can be valid irrespective of the content of the propositions that make up the argument, an inductive argument about, say, apples, will be justified (or not) depending on facts about apples. The argument view of thought experiments claims that thought experiments are arguments, and that they function epistemically however arguments do. These two views have generated a great deal of discussion, although there hasn't been much written about their combination. I argue that despite some interesting harmonies, there is a serious tension between them. I consider several options for easing this tension, before suggesting a set of changes to the argument view that I take to be consistent with Norton's fundamental philosophical commitments, and which retain what seems intuitively correct about the argument view. These changes require that we move away from a unitary epistemology of thought experiments and towards a more pluralist position.     

Edward Gresham’s Astrostereon,or A Discourse of the Falling of the Planet (1603), the Copernican paradox,and the construction of early modern proto-scientific discourse

This paper investigates the functioning of the ‘Copernican paradox’ (stating that the Sun stands still and the Earth revolves around the Sun) in the late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century England, with particular attention to Edward Gresham's (1565–1613) little-known and hitherto understudied astronomical treatise – Astrostereon, or A Discourse of the Falling of the Planet (1603). The text, which is fully appreciative of the heliocentric system, is analysed within a broader context of the ongoing struggles with the Copernican theory at the turn of the seventeenth century. The article finds that apart from having a purely rhetorical function, the ‘Copernican paradox’ featured in the epistemological debates on how early modern scientific knowledge should be constructed and popularised. The introduction of new scientific claims to sceptical audiences had to be done both through mathematical demonstrations and by referring to the familiar concepts and tools drawn from the inventory of humanist education. As this article shows, Gresham's rhetorical techniques used for the rejection of paradoxicality of heliocentrism are similar to some of the practices which Thomas Digges and William Gilbert employed in order to defend their own findings and assertions.     

基于WRT方法的港口危化品物流风险评估研究

针对港口危化品物流风险管理中风险因素众多和交互影响的复杂性,构建港口危化品物流的WRT风险评估模型.首先基于物理-事理-人理WSR理论构建港口危化品物流风险评估指标框架,其次通过风险过滤和排序RFRM理论对风险因素进行双重过滤,保留关键风险因素.然后基于TSS情景构建理论从物理、事理和人理三个层面构建港口危化品物流的多维风险情景,通过深入剖析各风险情景下风险因素之间的耦合关系,刻画港口危化品物流中的不同风险状态与风险源最后,基于熵权法和贝叶斯理论对我国7个重要港口进行多维情景风险评估,结果表明天津港和南京港整体风险较大,多数情况下二维情景风险大于三维情景风险,同时从多维风险情景下对物理、事理、人理的耦合风险进行分析,展示了各港口的薄弱环节,最后为港口危化品物流风险管理提出建议.     

基于图注意力网络的案件罪名预测方法:CP-GAT

案件罪名预测任务是基于文本数据去预测案件所属罪名.针对现有方法在相似罪名和长尾数据集上表现不佳的问题，提出了一种基于图注意力网络的案件罪名预测方法CP-GAT(charge prediction based on graph attention network).该方法首先使用司法文书数据集中的案例事件描述文本和案例对应的法条信息建立异质图结构数据，构建后的异质图包含两种类型的节点(词节点、案例节点)，两种类型的边(词节点与词节点相连的边，词节点与案例节点相连的边).在基于法律文本构建后的异质图上使用图注意力网络进行图特征提取，最后将得到的特征向量输入到罪名预测的分类器中，得到案例所属的罪名.在CAIL2018法律数据集上的实验结果表明，基于图注意力网络的罪名预测方法优于对比实验使用的方法，准确率和宏观F1值分别达到了95.2%和66.1，验证了提出的方法有利于提升案件罪名预测任务的性能.     

粉末冶金法制备混杂增强铜基复合材料的增强体竞争析出行为研究

Copper matrix composites reinforced by in situ-formed hybrid titanium boride whiskers (TiB_w) and titanium diboride particles (TiB_2p) were fabricated by powder metallurgy. Microstructural observations showed competitive precipitation behavior between TiB_w and TiB_2p, where the relative contents of the two reinforcements varied with sintering temperature. Based on thermodynamic and kinetic assessments, the precipitation mechanisms of the hybrid reinforcements were discussed, and the formation of both TiB_w and TiB_2p from the local melting zone was thermodynamically favored. The precipitation kinetics were mainly controlled by a solid-state diffusion of B atoms. By forming a compact compound layer, in situ reactions were divided into two stages, where Zener growth and Dybkov growth prevailed, respectively. Accordingly, the competitive precipitation behavior was attributed to the transition of the growth model during the reaction process.     

新《刑事诉讼法》背景下证人出庭作证保障机制优化研究

新修正的《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》在我国施行已两年有余,在实践中积累了一定的司法执行经验,最高人民法院和最高人民检察院都出台了相应的细则以及司法解释辅助法律的执行。对证人出庭作证的难点和原因进行分析,提出了完善证人出庭作证的机制,首先需要明晰证人证言采信及出庭的必要条件,其次要健全证人权益保护和补偿机制,同时要完善司法工作机制及职权改革。     

高校“双困”毕业生就业状况调研及对策建议--以福建省厦门市高校毕业生为例

对福建省厦门市5所高校的223名家庭经济困难且就业存在困难的毕业生进行了问卷调查，系统调研了“双困生”的就业意向、就业信心、求职渠道、职业认知、职业规划等，为社会、政府、企业、高校等机构科学、高效地开展“双困生”就业援助工作提供合理建议。